Addition And Subtraction

The symbol which represents addition is '\(+\)'  and the symbol which represents subtraction is '\(-\)'.

In this article, the learning objectives are: 

1. Addition and Subtraction (Direct)
2. Addition and Subtraction (Indirect)
3. More than/Less than (Direct)
4. More than/Less than (Indirect)

1. Addition And Subtraction (Direct)

In Primary 3, we will learn about addition and subtraction of numbers up to 4-digits.

Question 1: 

Do the following.

\(1785 + 3162 =\text{__________}\)

Solution:

Answer:

4947

Question 2: 

Do the following.

\(4360 + 4723 =\text{__________}\) 

Solution:

Answer:

9083

Question 3: 

Do the following.

\(3740 + 6231 =\text{__________}\) 

Solution:

Answer:

9971

Question 4: 

Do the following.

The sum of 1654 and 323 is __________.

1. 1331
2. 1977
3. 1986
4. 4884

Solution: 

Sum means ‘\(+\)’.

Answer: 

(2) 1977

Question 5: 

Do the following. 

\(9017 - 901 =\text{__________}\) 

Solution: 

Answer:

8116

Question 6: 

Do the following.

\(9800 - 136 =\text{__________}\) 

1. 9664
2. 9736
3. 9764
4. 9936

Solution: 

Answer:

(1) 9664

Question 7: 

Do the following.

The difference between 8080 and 606 is __________.

1. 2020
2. 7374
3. 7474
4. 8686

Solution: 

Difference means ‘\(-\)’.

Answer:

7474

2. Addition And Subtraction (Indirect)

In addition and subtraction (Indirect), we need to read the questions carefully as seeing ‘\(+\)’ in the questions may not necessarily mean add and ‘\(-\)’ in the questions may not necessarily mean subtract.

Question 1: 

\(1460 + \text{__________} = 5000 \)

Solution: 

Answer: 

3540

Question 2: 

Do the following.

\(2745 + \text{__________} = 3429\)

Solution: 

Answer:

684

Question 3: 

Do the following.

\(5273 + \text{__________} = 6000\)

Solution:

Answer:

727

Question 4: 

Do the following.

\(3210 = 912 + \text{__________}\)

1. 1298
2. 2298
3. 3708
4. 4122

Solution: 

Answer:

(2) 2298

Question 5: 

Do the following.

\(7000 - \text{__________} = 2999\)

Solution:

Answer:

4001

Question 6: 

Do the following.

\(\text{__________} - 3285 = 1076\)

Solution:

Answer:

4361

Question 7: 

Do the following.

\(2540 - \text{__________} = 1210\)

Solution:

Answer:

1330

Question 8: 

Do the following.

\(\text{__________} - 124 = 5240\)

1. 5026
2. 5116
3. 5124
4. 5364

Solution:

Answer:

(4) 5364

Question 9: 

What are the values of A and B?

1. \(A = 4, B = 7\)
2. \(A = 3, B = 8\)
3. \(A = 4, B = 8\)
4. \(A = 3, B = 7\)

Solution: 

Starting from the ones, we add 9 and 8 to get 17.

\(\begin{align} A &= 8 - 4 - 1\\[2ex] &= 3\\[4ex] B &= 4 + 3 + 1\\[2ex] &= 8 \end{align}\)

Answer:

(2) \(A = 3, B = 8\)

3. More Than/Less Than (Direct)

In more than/less than (Direct) questions, we do addition when we see the term more than and we do subtraction when we see the term less than.

Question 1: 

1000 more than 3450 is __________.

Solution:

Rewriting this as an equation:

\(3450 + 1000 = 4450\)

Answer:

4450

Question 2: 

Do the following.

2000 more than 3465 is __________.

Solution: 

Rewriting this as an equation:

\(2000 + 3456 = \text{__________}\)

Answer:

5465

Question 3: 

Do the following.

150 more than 5915 is __________.

Solution: 

Rewriting this as an equation: 

\(5915 + 150 = \text{__________}\)

Answer:

6065

Question 4: 

Do the following.

__________ is 1213 more than 4897.

1. 3648
2. 3684
3. 6011
4. 6110

Solution: 

Rewriting this as an equation:

\(\text{__________}= 1213 + 4897\)

Answer:

(4) 6110

Question 5: 

Do the following.

100 less than 2083 is __________.

Solution:

Rewriting this as an equation:

\(2083 - 100 =\text{__________}\)

Answer:

1983

Question 6: 

Do the following.

10 less than 4753 is __________.

1. 4653
2. 4743
3. 4763
4. 4853

Solution: 

Rewriting this as an equation: 

\(4753 - 10 =\text{__________}\)

Answer:

(2) 4743 

Question 7: 

Do the following.

__________ is 250 less than 5620.

1. 5970
2. 5870
3. 5470
4. 5370

Solution: 

Rewriting this as an equation: 

\(\text{__________} = 5620 - 250 \)

Answer:

(4) 5370

4. More Than / Less Than (Indirect)

In more than/less than (Indirect), we do subtraction when we see the term more than. However, we have to read the question carefully when we see the term less than.

It can be addition or subtraction, depending on how the question is phrased.

Question 1: 

__________ more than 2000 is 6500.

Solution: 

Rewriting this as an equation:

\(2000 + \text{__________} = 6500 \)

\(6500 - 2000 = 4500\)

Answer:

4500

Question 2: 

Do the following.

__________ more than 2999 is 3455.

Solution: 

Rewriting this as an equation:

\(2999 +\text{__________}= 3455\)

\(3455 - 2999 = 456\)

Answer:

456

Question 3: 

Do the following.

__________ more than 6835 is 8835.

1. 1000
2. 2000
3. 2600
4. 15 670

Solution: 

Rewriting this as an equation:

\(6835 + \text{__________}  = 8835\)

\(8835 - 6835 = 2000\)

Answer:

(2) 2000

Question 4: 

Do the following. 

300 more than __________ is 5437.

1. 5137
2. 5237
3. 5637
4. 5737

Solution: 

Rewriting this as an equation:

\(\text{__________} + 300 = 5437\)

\(5437 - 300 = 5137\)

Answer:

(1) 5137

Question 5:  

Do the following: 

153 less than __________ is 2846.

Solution: 

Rewriting this as an equation:

\(\text{__________} - 153 = 2846\)

\(2846 + 153 = 2999\)

Answer:

2999

Question 6: 

Do the following.

__________ less than 4657 is 4357. 

Solution: 

Rewriting this as an equation:

\(4657 - \text{__________} = 4357\)

\(4657 - 4357 = 300\)

Answer:

300

Question 7: 

Do the following. 

__________ less than 7100 is 7070.

1. 30
2. 130
3. 1480
4. 14 170

Solution: 

\(7100 - \text{__________} = 7070\)

\(7100 - 7070 = 30\)

Answer:

(1) 30

Question 8: 

What is the missing number? 

5440 is __________ tens more than 4840.

1. 6
2. 60
3. 66
4. 600

Solution: 

Rewriting this as an equation: 

\(5440 = 4840 + \text{__________}\)

\(\begin{align} 5440 - 4840 &= 600\\[2ex] 600 &= 60 \text{ tens} \end{align}\)

Answer:

(2) 60