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Multiplication And Division 1

In this article, we will be learning about Multiplication and Division.

  • Understanding Multiplication

Topic Recap: 

Understanding multiplication as repeated addition / equal grouping

  • We multiply by putting equal groups together. Equal groups contain the same number of objects.
  • To multiply, we use repeated addition or multiplication to find the total number of objects.
    For example:
    \(2 + 2 + 2 = 6\) or \(2 \times 3 = 6\)
  • We can write a multiplication equation in the following way:

multiplication equation

Example:

multiplication

 

Question 1:

Look at the following picture.

pudding on plate

A. There are __________ equal groups.

  1. \(4\)     
  2. \(2\)     
  3. \(8\)

Answer:

(1) \(4\)

 

B. Each group has __________ cupcakes.

  1. \(4\)
  2. \(2\)
  3. \(8\)

Answer:

(2) \(2\)

 

C. Which of the following best represents the picture above?

  1. \(2\) groups of \(4\).
  2. \(2\) fours
  3. \(4\) groups of \(2\).
  4. \(​4 + 4 ​\)

Answer:

(3) \(4\) groups of \(2\).
 

Question 2: 

How many stars are there altogether?

how many stars are there altogether    

  1. \(9\)
  2. \(11\)
  3. \(21\)
  4. \(24\)

Solution: 

\(\begin{align}​​ 8 + 8 + 8 &= 24 \\[2ex] 3 \times 8 &= 24 \end{align}\)

Answer:

(4) \(24\)

 

Question 3: 

How many bananas are there altogether?

how many bananas are there altogether

  1. \(9\)
  2. \(16\)
  3. \(20\)
  4. \(25\)

Solution: 

\(\begin{align}​​ 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 = 20 \\[2ex] 4 \times 5 = 20 \end{align}\)

Answer:

(3) \(20\)

 

Question 4:

Which of the following equations does not represent the following?

six groups of strawberries

  1. \(5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 = 30\)
  2. \(6 \text{ fives} = 30\)
  3. \(6 \times 5 = 30\)
  4. \(5 \times 5 \times 5 \times 5 \times 5 \times 5 = 30\)

Answer:

(4) \(5 \times 5 \times 5 \times 5 \times 5 \times 5 = 30\)

 

1. Understanding Multiplication

To write a multiplication equation, we need to know the number of groups and the number of items in each group. We can then write the multiplication equation in the following way:

multiplication equation

To find the total number of pencils in the picture given, we multiply

find the total number of pencils

\(10\) by \(2\). This means that a group of \(10\) is multiplied \(2\) times.

\(10 \times 2 = 20\)

We can also multiply \(2\) by \(10\)

\(2 \times 10 = 20\)

\(10 \times 2\)’ and ‘\(2 \times 10\)’ have the same values.

 

Question 1:

Look at the picture below.

sandwiches on plate

A. Choose the correct option to represent the following statement: 

     Multiply \(6\) by \(3\)

  1. \(6 + 3\)
  2. \(6 × 3\)

Answer:

(2) \(6 × 3\)

 

B. How many sandwiches are there in the picture above?

  1. \(9\)
  2. \(18\)

Solution: 

\(6 × 3 = 18\)

Answer:

(2) \(18\)

 

Question 2: 

Which of the multiplication equations represents the following?

Multiply \(8\) by \(4\).

​ Multiply 8 by 4

  1. \(8 + 4 = 12\)
  2. \(8 \times 4 = 32\)

Answer:

(2) \(8 \times 4 = 32\)

 

Question 3:

Which of the following sets of multiplication equations best represents the following?

7 group of 5 buttons

  1. \(5 \times 7 = 35\) and \(7 \times 5 = 35\)
  2. \(5 \times 5 = 35\) and \(7 \times 5 = 35\)

Solution: 

There are \(7\) groups of \(5\) buttons each.  

Answer:

(1) \(5 \times 7 = 35\) and \(7 \times 5 = 35\)

 

Question 4:

How many stickers are there altogether?

how many stickers are there altogether

  1. \(8\)
  2. \(9\)
  3. \(15\)
  4. \(20\)

Solution: 

\(5 × 3 = 15\) or \(3 × 5 = 15\)

Answer:

(3) \(15\)

 

Question 5:

How many tigers are there altogether?

how many tigers are there altogether

  1. \(7\)
  2. \(9\)
  3. \(12\)
  4. \(16\)

Solution: 

\(4 \times 3 = 12\)

Answer:

(3) \(12\)

 

Question 6:

How many doughnuts are there in all?

how many doughnuts are there

  1. \(12\)
  2. \(18\)
  3. \(27\)
  4. \(36\)

Solution: 

\(9 × 3 = 27\) or \(3 × 9 = 27\)

Answer:

(3) \(27 \)

 

Question 7: 

Look at the picture below.

jars
 

A. How many jars are there?

  1. \(3\)
  2. \(4\)
  3. \(5\)

Answer:

(2) \(4\)

 

B. Kelly puts 6 cookies in each jar. How many cookies are there altogether?

  1. \(10\)
  2. \(16\)
  3. \(18\)
  4. \(24\)

Solution: 

\(4 \times 6 = 24\) or \(6 \times 4 = 24\)

Answer:

(4) \(24\)

 

Question 8:

There are \(7\) mangoes in each basket. How many mangoes are there altogether?

baskets of mangoes

  1. \(10\)
  2. \(18\)
  3. \(21\)
  4. \(28\)

Solution: 

\(7 × 3 = 21\) or \(3 × 7 = 21\)

Answer:

(3) \(21\)

 

Question 9:

Ashley collected some bottles for recycling. She put \(9\) bottles in each bag. How many recycled bottles did she collect in all?

9 bottles in each 5 bags

  1. \(14\)
  2. \(25\)
  3. \(40\)
  4. \(45\)

Solution: 

\(5 × 9 = 45\) or \(9 × 5 = 45\)

Answer:

(4) \(45\)

 

Challenge Yourself!

Question 1: 

What is the missing number in the given multiplication equation?                                  

 \(5 \;\times\) __________ \(= 30\)

5 group of 6 bow

  1. \(5\)
  2. \(6\)
  3. \(7\)
  4. \(8\)

Solution: 

There are \(5\) groups with \(6\) ribbons each. 

\(5 \times 6 = 30\)

So, the missing number in the equation is \(6\).

Answer:

(2) \(6\)

 

Question 2:

What is the value of \(\text{A}\)?

\(10 \times \text{A} = 40\)

group of turtles

  1. \(8\)
  2. \(10\)
  3. \(3\)
  4. \(4\)

Solution: 

There are \(10\) turtles in each row. There are \(4\) rows.

\(10 \times 4 = 40\)

So, the value of \(\text{A}\) is \(4\).

Answer:

(4) \(4\)

 

In this article, we have learnt that:

  • Multiplication is represented as ‘’\(\times\)'.
  • When we multiply two numbers, say \(6\) by \(3\), it is written as \(6 \times 3\).
  • The values of \(6 \times 3\) and \(3 \times 6\) are the same.


 

Continue Learning
Numbers To 1000 Multiplication And Division 1
Multiplication And Division 2 Addition And Subtraction 1
Addition And Subtraction 2 Fractions 1
Length 1 Mass 1
Volume 1 Money 1
Time 1 Shapes And Patterns
Picture Graphs 1 Model Drawing 1
Model Drawing 4  

 

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