Shapes And Patterns

In this article, we will learn mainly about Shapes and the learning objectives are:

1. Identify shapes
2. Identify 3D shapes
3. Identify flat and curved surfaces

1. Identify Shapes

Recap: Can you identify the name of these 2D shapes?

Note:

A square has 4 equal sides of the same length. However, a rectangle has 2 long sides and 2 short sides.

Two half circles will make one circle. 

Four quarter circles will make one circle.

Question 1:

Which two shapes are used to form the figure below?

1. Triangle and square
2. Triangle and rectangle
3. Rectangle and square

Answer:

(2) Triangle and rectangle

Question 2:

The figure below is made by overlapping two shapes. Identify them.

1. Half circle and square
2. Half circle and rectangle
3. Half circle and triangle

Solution: 

Answer:

(3) Half circle and triangle

Question 3:

How many quarter circles are there in the figure?

1. 5
2. 6
3. 7
4. 4

Answer:

(2) 6

2. Identify lines and curves

There are two types of lines - straight lines and curved lines.

• A square has 4 straight lines and 0 curved lines.
• A rectangle has 4 straight lines and 0 curved lines.
• A triangle has 3 straight lines and 0 curved lines.

• A circle has 1 curved line and no straight line.
• A half circle has 1 straight line and 1 curved line.
• A quarter circle has 2 straight lines and 1 curved line.

Question 1:

Which of the following shapes have the same number of straight lines?

1. A and B
2. A and D
3. B and C
4. B and D

Solution: 

The number of straight lines in A is 6, B is 8, C is 16 and D is 8. 

Answer:

(4) B and D

Question 2:

Which of the following shapes have the same number of curved lines?

1. A and B
2. A and C
3. A and D
4. C and D 

Solution: 

The number of curved lines in A is 2, B is 0, C is 3 and D is 2. 

Answer:

(3) A and D.

Question 3:

How many curved lines are there in the figure below?

1. 8
2. 10
3. 11
4. 12

Answer:

(4) 12

Question 4:

How many more straight lines than curved lines are there in the figure below?

1. 5
2. 8
3. 10
4. 13

Solution: 

The number of straight lines \(= 13 \)

The number of curved lines \(= 5\)

Difference in number of straight lines and curved lines

\(= 13 - 5\)

\(= 8\)

Answer:

(2) 8

Question 5:

How many more straight lines than curved lines are there in the figure below?

1. 6
2. 8
3. 10
4. 16

Solution:  

The number of straight lines \(= 16\)

The number of curved lines  \(= 6\)

Difference in the number of straight lines and curved lines

\(= 16 - 6\)

\(= 10\)

Answer:

(3) 10

3. Identify 3D Shapes

A cube has six sides and each of them is a square.

Example: A Rubik’s cube, A dice etc.

A cuboid has six sides and at least four sides will be a rectangle. 

Example:  A brick, A shoebox, A tissue box etc.

This is a cone. Its base is made up of a circle.

Example: Ice-cream cone, A traffic cone, A birthday hat, etc.

A sphere does not have a flat surface. It looks like a circle from all directions. 

Example: Baseball, A ping pong ball etc.

This is a cylinder and it has two circles on each side with a tube in between. 

Examples: A Coca-Cola can, A toilet paper roll, An unsharpened pencil etc.

Question 1:

Which two solid shapes are used to make the figure below?

1. Cone and cube
2. Cone and cylinder
3. Cube and cylinder
4. Cube and cuboid

Answer:

(2) Cone and cylinder

Question 2:

Which three solids are used to make the figure?

1. Sphere, cone, cube
2. Cone, cube, cylinder
3. Sphere, cylinder, cuboid
4. Cone, cylinder, cuboid

Answer:

(4) Cone, cylinder, cuboid

Question 3:

How many cubes more than spheres are there in the figure?

1. 1
2. 6
3. 3
4. 9

Solution: 

The number of cubes \(= 6\)

The number of spheres \(= 3\)

Difference in number of cubes and spheres

\(= 6 - 3\)

\(= 3\)

Answer:

(3) 3

4. Identify flat and curved surfaces

Question 1:

Which of the following has no curved surface?

1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D

Answer:

(4) D

Question 2:

Which of the following has no flat surface?

1. A
2. B
3. C
4. D

Answer:

(3) C

Question 3:

How many flat surfaces are there in the figure?

1. 4
2. 5
3. 3
4. 6

Answer:

(2) 5

In this article, we learned how to:

1. Identify shapes
2. Identify lines and curves
3. Identify 3D shapes
4. Identify flat and curved surfaces